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Senin, 25 Juli 2011

Tugas B.inggris


HALAMAN 57
The subak irrigation system is a traditional method of mutual help in the distribution of water which is very beneficial to farmers in Bali. ‘Subak’ irrigation system is an organization consisting of farmers as members headed by a leader called “kelian sumbak’. These members have certain responsibilities; such as, taking turns picketing days and nights tosee that each member gets sufficient water distribution according to regulations al ready decided and maintaining the general physical condition of the water system. Furthermore, attendance of subak meeting by members  is important. Farmers who are not members of the subak organization are free from the above respon sibilates, but during harvest time, theyhave to give a contribution in the form of rice or money to the organization. ‘Subak’ organization also has several branches throughout Bali. Now there are about 1230 subak an 711 branches. These members indicate that ‘subak’ traditional method has been effective.”
Sistem irigasi subak adalah metode tradisional saling membantu dalam distribusi air yang sangat bermanfaat bagi petani di Bali.
  Sistem irigasi ' Subak ' adalah organisasi yang terdiri dari petani sebagai anggota dikepalai oleh seorang pemimpin yang disebut " kelian sumbak '.
Para anggota memiliki tanggung jawab tertentu; seperti, bergantian hari tindak pencegahan dan malam tosee bahwa setiap anggota mendapat distribusi air yang cukup sesuai dengan peraturan al siap memutuskan dan menjaga kondisi fisik secara umum dari sistem air.
  Selanjutnya, kehadiran pertemuan subak oleh anggota adalah penting.
Petani yang bukan anggota organisasi subak bebas dari sibilates respon atas, tetapi selama waktu panen, theyhave untuk memberikan kontribusi dalam bentuk beras atau uang untuk organisasi.
  ' Subak " organisasi juga memiliki beberapa cabang di seluruh Bali.
Sekarang ada sekitar 1.230 subak dengan 711 cabang.
Para anggota menunjukkan bahwa metode tradisional ' subak ' telah efektif. "
HALAMAN 71
Fish culture
Before 1971, fish culture in Indonesia was run by using traditional or conventional methods. Only about 1500 Kg per hectare could be produced per year by these methods. The traditional fish culture was conducted in earth pond, rice fields and cages. The fish were fed with rice, plant leaves and in some cases, they were nod fed at all. However, since 1972, intensive fish culture has been introduced. In this modern method, fish are given fish feeds containing 25% crude protein. Now fish farmers can have three or four harvests a year.




ikan budaya
Sebelum 1971, ikan budaya di Indonesia dijalankan dengan menggunakan metode tradisional atau konvensional. Hanya sekitar 1500 kg per hektar bisa diproduksi per tahun dengan metode ini. Budaya ikan tradisional dilakukan di bumi kolam, sawah dan kandang. Ikan diberi makan dengan nasi, daun tanaman dan dalam beberapa kasus, mereka mengangguk makan sama sekali. Namun, sejak tahun 1972, budidaya ikan yang intensif telah diperkenalkan. Dalam metode modern, ikan diberi ikan feed yang mengandung protein kasar 25 %. Sekarang petani ikan dapat memiliki tiga atau empat kali panen setahun.
Halaman 73
Application of crop protection chemicals dusts
(Penaburan)
The problem of applying crop protection chemicals is considerably greater than that of distributing plant nutrients. This is because a very small amount of active ingredient has to be applied to a large crop area, frequently to a particular part of the crop wherw it can be most effective. These active materials are formulated for application in a variety of ways. However, dusting is the method which will be discussed in this passage. In dusting, the finely ground active ingredient, is blended down with a local filler such as a talc or clay to give a dust, usually containing 2 to 4% of active ingredient. This can be applied to the crop by hand dusters, tractor drawn dusters which blow the dust out through a boom, aircraft, or by drift dusting. The characteristics of the finished blended dust should be determined by the method of application, but often in the tropics there is a limited choice of fillers.
Aplikasi debu perlindungan tanaman kimia
(Penaburan)

Masalah penerapan kimia perlindungan tanaman jauh lebih besar daripada mendistribusikan nutrisi tanaman. Hal ini karena jumlah yang sangat kecil bahan aktif harus diterapkan ke area tanaman yang besar, sering pada bagian tertentu dari hasil panen di mana ia dapat menjadi paling efektif. Bahan-bahan aktif dirumuskan untuk aplikasi dalam berbagai cara. Namun, pendebuan adalah metode yang akan dibahas dalam bagian ini. Dalam pendebuan, tanah halus bahan aktif, dicampur turun dengan pengisi lokal seperti bedak atau tanah liat untuk memberikan debu, biasanya berisi 2 sampai 4 % dari bahan aktif. Hal ini dapat diterapkan untuk tanaman dengan lap debu tangan, lap debu yang ditarik traktor meniup debu keluar melalui ledakan, pesawat, atau oleh drift debu. Karakteristik dari debu dicampur jadi harus ditentukan dengan metode aplikasi, tetapi sering di daerah tropis ada pilihan terbatas pengisi.
Syahrial
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Kamis, 21 Juli 2011

Agricultural Exports

"Indonesia has a big potential for non-fuel exports. Agricultural based business can help promote international trade. However, in order to achieve this objective, Indonesian farmers should make improvements in various aspects of agriculture. Firstly, they have to improve the quality of their food products to compete with products from advance countries. Secondly, Indonesian farmers have to increase their production so that they have enough supply for demands. Thirdly, farmers must join financial organizations that can supply them with the necessary funds to finance their project. Finally, and equally important, is the role of the goverment. Goverment ought to give financial help to farmers. With all these efforts, it is hoped that Indonesia can boost its non-fuel export.
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A Hydroelectric Power Plant in Kalimantan

The Indonesian goverment will build the biggest hydroelectric power plant in Kalimantan in the year 2000. The plant will be the best and the largest in Indonesia. Hundreds of engineers are going to take part in the huge project. These engineers will use waterfalls and rivers to provide power for the plant. The goverment hopes that the hydroelectric power plant will open job opportunities to hundreds of workers and engineers. When the project is completed, the goverment also hopes that it will provide electricity for all parts of Kalimantan.
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